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Researched and Written by Leila Battison
Narrated and Edited by David Kelly
Thumbnail Art and Art by Ettore Mazza
Art by Khail Kupsky
Maps by Adriano Bezerra
If you like our videos, check out Leila’s Youtube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXIk7euOGq6jkptjTzEz5kQ
Music from Epidemic Sound and Artlist, stock footage from Videoblocks.
References:
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/new-fascination-earths-boring-billion
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22229672-900-why-did-evolution-stall-during-the-boring-billion/
https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Geoscientist/Archive/December-2019/Feature-1
https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/earth-sciences/explainer-myth-busting-the-boring-billion/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11540130/
https://theconversation.com/earths-boring-billion-years-of-stagnant-stinking-oceans-might-actually-have-been-rather-dynamic-120134
https://www.pnas.org/content/108/8/3105
https://home.cern/science/experiments/cloud
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms11500
IMAGE CREDITS:
Oxford Museum By Alejandro Quintanar – Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=78979717
Martin Brasier Hummingbird Films (Fair Use)
Oxford Museum By © Jorge Royan / http://www.royan.com.ar, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15102669
Dinosaur eye By © Jorge Royan / http://www.royan.com.ar, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15102669
Oxford Museum By Christian Michelides, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=79657107
Australopithicus By Neanderthal-Museum, Mettmann – Pressebilder Neanderthal Museum, Mettmann, https://www.neanderthal.de/de/urmenschen.html, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=94895238
Lycopod By Charlie Brenner from Jackson Mississippi, USA – Pearl River backwaterUploaded by Allstarecho, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6878978
Trilobite By Vassil – Alias Collections., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3200496
Ediacaran By Smith609 at English Wikipedia, CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17603788
Ediacran By Ryan Somma – Life in the Ediacaran SeaUploaded by FunkMonk, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24277381
Oxford Museum By User:Ethan Doyle White, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=61828345
By Geni – Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=51797048
Sudbury Impact Formations By James St. John – Gneiss (Archean; Windy Lake Northwest roadcut, Sudbury Impact Structure, Ontario, Canada) 2, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84543723
Roger Buick (washington university, fair use)
Donald Canfield (fair use, PNAS)
Banded Iron Formations By Graeme Churchard from Bristol, UK – Dales GorgeUploaded by PDTillman, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=30889569
By James St. John – Jaspilite banded iron formation (Soudan Iron-Formation, Neoarchean, ~2.69 Ga; Stuntz Bay Road outcrop, Soudan Underground State Park, Soudan, Minnesota, USA) 53, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=41251871
By James St. John – Banded iron formation (Temagami Iron-Formation, Neoarchean, ~2.736 Ga; Temagami North roadcut, Temagami, Ontario, Canada) 15, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=82969686
Simon Poulton – The geochemical society (fair use)
Torridon Group By Mick Knapton at the English-language Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7977960
By Anne Burgess, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=819238
Bicellium Brasieri By Authors of the study: Paul K. Strother, Martin D. Brasier, David Wacey, Leslie Timpe, Martin Saunders, Charles H. Wellman – https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(21)00424-3, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=105582202
Cambrian By CNX OpenStax – https://cnx.org/contents/havxkyvS@9.311:4Wwybz2E@3/Introduction, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=49931564
